Fiber Content
This test is run by burning a small quantity of the unknown yarn. Note the properties of the burn. Does the fiber melt? Ignite readily? What does the ash look like? The smell? Cross reference in the following table to determine fiber content.
Be reminded that all animal fiber can not be distinguished from one another. Therefore wool will react the same as angora, camel, vicuna, alpaca, etc.
| FIBER |
MELTING |
WHEN IN FLAME |
OUT OF FLAME |
ODOR |
ASH |
| COTTON |
Doesn't melt |
Ignites readily |
Continues to burn, smolders, smokes |
Burning Paper |
Light gray ash |
| LINEN (and other bast fibers |
Doesn't melt |
Ignites readily |
Continues to burn |
Burning paper |
Fine gray or white ash |
| VISCOSE Rayon |
Doesn't melt |
Ignites readily |
Continues to burn |
Burning paper |
Small amount of gray ash |
| WOOL |
Scorches |
Burns slowley |
Self extinguishing |
Burnt hair or feathers |
Bead, crushes to a gritty black powder |
| SILK |
Scorches |
Burns slowly |
Self extinguishing |
Burnt hair |
Bead, crushes to a gritty black powder |
| ACETATE |
Melts away from flame |
Ignites after melting |
Continues to burn |
Vinegar |
Dark, solid bead |
| ACRYLIC |
Melts |
Ignites, smoky |
Continues to burn |
Fishy |
Hard, brittle |
| NYLON |
Melts in droplets |
Melts before igniting |
Self extinguishing |
Celery |
Gray or beige bead |
| POLYESTER |
Melts in droplets |
Melts before igniting. Burns with black smoke |
Continues to burn but self extinguishing |
Sweetish, chemical |
Dark, hard bead |
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